<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html lang="{{ language }}" class="{{ default_theme }} sidebar-visible" dir="{{ text_direction }}">
    <head>
        <!-- Book generated using mdBook -->
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>{{ title }}</title>
        {{#if is_print }}
        <meta name="robots" content="noindex">
        {{/if}}
        {{#if base_url}}
        <base href="{{ base_url }}">
        {{/if}}


        <!-- Custom HTML head -->
        {{> head}}

        <meta name="description" content="{{ description }}">
        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
        <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff">

        {{#if favicon_svg}}
        <link rel="icon" href="{{ resource "favicon.svg" }}">
        {{/if}}
        {{#if favicon_png}}
        <link rel="shortcut icon" href="{{ resource "favicon.png" }}">
        {{/if}}
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ resource "css/variables.css" }}">
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ resource "css/general.css" }}">
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ resource "css/chrome.css" }}">
        {{#if print_enable}}
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ resource "css/print.css" }}" media="print">
        {{/if}}

        <!-- Fonts -->
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ resource "fonts/fonts.css" }}">

        <!-- Highlight.js Stylesheets -->
        <link rel="stylesheet" id="mdbook-highlight-css" href="{{ resource "highlight.css" }}">
        <link rel="stylesheet" id="mdbook-tomorrow-night-css" href="{{ resource "tomorrow-night.css" }}">
        <link rel="stylesheet" id="mdbook-ayu-highlight-css" href="{{ resource "ayu-highlight.css" }}">

        <!-- Custom theme stylesheets -->
        {{#each additional_css}}
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ resource this }}">
        {{/each}}

        {{#if mathjax_support}}
        <!-- MathJax -->
        <script async src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.1/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML"></script>
        {{/if}}

        <!-- Provide site root and default themes to javascript -->
        <script>
            const path_to_root = "{{ path_to_root }}";
            const default_light_theme = "{{ default_theme }}";
            const default_dark_theme = "{{ preferred_dark_theme }}";
        {{#if search_js}}
            window.path_to_searchindex_js = "{{ resource "searchindex.js" }}";
        {{/if}}
        </script>
        <!-- Start loading toc.js asap -->
        <script src="{{ resource "toc.js" }}"></script>
    </head>
    <body>
    <div id="mdbook-help-container">
        <div id="mdbook-help-popup">
            <h2 class="mdbook-help-title">Keyboard shortcuts</h2>
            <div>
                <p>Press <kbd>←</kbd> or <kbd>→</kbd> to navigate between chapters</p>
                {{#if search_enabled}}
                <p>Press <kbd>S</kbd> or <kbd>/</kbd> to search in the book</p>
                {{/if}}
                <p>Press <kbd>?</kbd> to show this help</p>
                <p>Press <kbd>Esc</kbd> to hide this help</p>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div id="mdbook-body-container">
        <!-- Work around some values being stored in localStorage wrapped in quotes -->
        <script>
            try {
                let theme = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-theme');
                let sidebar = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-sidebar');

                if (theme.startsWith('"') && theme.endsWith('"')) {
                    localStorage.setItem('mdbook-theme', theme.slice(1, theme.length - 1));
                }

                if (sidebar.startsWith('"') && sidebar.endsWith('"')) {
                    localStorage.setItem('mdbook-sidebar', sidebar.slice(1, sidebar.length - 1));
                }
            } catch (e) { }
        </script>

        <!-- Set the theme before any content is loaded, prevents flash -->
        <script>
            const default_theme = window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)").matches ? default_dark_theme : default_light_theme;
            let theme;
            try { theme = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-theme'); } catch(e) { }
            if (theme === null || theme === undefined) { theme = default_theme; }
            const html = document.documentElement;
            html.classList.remove('{{ default_theme }}')
            html.classList.add(theme);
            html.classList.add("js");
        </script>

        <input type="checkbox" id="mdbook-sidebar-toggle-anchor" class="hidden">

        <!-- Hide / unhide sidebar before it is displayed -->
        <script>
            let sidebar = null;
            const sidebar_toggle = document.getElementById("mdbook-sidebar-toggle-anchor");
            if (document.body.clientWidth >= 1080) {
                try { sidebar = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-sidebar'); } catch(e) { }
                sidebar = sidebar || 'visible';
            } else {
                sidebar = 'hidden';
                sidebar_toggle.checked = false;
            }
            if (sidebar === 'visible') {
                sidebar_toggle.checked = true;
            } else {
                html.classList.remove('sidebar-visible');
            }
        </script>

        <nav id="mdbook-sidebar" class="sidebar" aria-label="Table of contents">
            <!-- populated by js -->
            <mdbook-sidebar-scrollbox class="sidebar-scrollbox"></mdbook-sidebar-scrollbox>
            <noscript>
                <iframe class="sidebar-iframe-outer" src="{{ path_to_root }}toc.html"></iframe>
            </noscript>
            <div id="mdbook-sidebar-resize-handle" class="sidebar-resize-handle">
                <div class="sidebar-resize-indicator"></div>
            </div>
        </nav>

        <div id="mdbook-page-wrapper" class="page-wrapper">

            <div class="page">
                {{> header}}
                <div id="mdbook-menu-bar-hover-placeholder"></div>
                <div id="mdbook-menu-bar" class="menu-bar sticky">
                    <div class="left-buttons">
                        <label id="mdbook-sidebar-toggle" class="icon-button" for="mdbook-sidebar-toggle-anchor" title="Toggle Table of Contents" aria-label="Toggle Table of Contents" aria-controls="mdbook-sidebar">
                            {{fa "solid" "bars"}}
                        </label>
                        <button id="mdbook-theme-toggle" class="icon-button" type="button" title="Change theme" aria-label="Change theme" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="mdbook-theme-list">
                            {{fa "solid" "paintbrush"}}
                        </button>
                        <ul id="mdbook-theme-list" class="theme-popup" aria-label="Themes" role="menu">
                            <li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="mdbook-theme-default_theme">Auto</button></li>
                            <li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="mdbook-theme-latte">☀️ Latte</button></li>
                            <li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="mdbook-theme-frappe">🪴 Frappé</button></li>
                            <li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="mdbook-theme-macchiato">🌺 Macchiato</button></li>
                            <li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="mdbook-theme-mocha">🌿 Mocha</button></li>
                        </ul>
                        {{#if search_enabled}}
                        <button id="mdbook-search-toggle" class="icon-button" type="button" title="Search (`/`)" aria-label="Toggle Searchbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-keyshortcuts="/ s" aria-controls="mdbook-searchbar">
                            {{fa "solid" "magnifying-glass"}}
                        </button>
                        {{/if}}
                    </div>

                    <h1 class="menu-title">{{ book_title }}</h1>

                    <div class="right-buttons">
                        <a id="mdbook-lang-switch" title="English" aria-label="Switch to English" style="cursor:pointer;font-size:14px;padding:4px 8px;text-decoration:none;color:var(--fg);">
                            English
                        </a>
                        {{#if print_enable}}
                        <a href="{{ path_to_root }}print.html" title="Print this book" aria-label="Print this book">
                            {{fa "solid" "print" "print-button"}}
                        </a>
                        {{/if}}
                        {{#if git_repository_url}}
                        <a href="{{git_repository_url}}" title="Git repository" aria-label="Git repository">
                            {{fa git_repository_icon_class git_repository_icon}}
                        </a>
                        {{/if}}
                        {{#if git_repository_edit_url}}
                        <a href="{{git_repository_edit_url}}" title="Suggest an edit" aria-label="Suggest an edit" rel="edit">
                            {{fa "solid" "pencil" "git-edit-button"}}
                        </a>
                        {{/if}}

                    </div>
                </div>

                {{#if search_enabled}}
                <div id="mdbook-search-wrapper" class="hidden">
                    <form id="mdbook-searchbar-outer" class="searchbar-outer">
                        <div class="search-wrapper">
                            <input type="search" id="mdbook-searchbar" name="searchbar" placeholder="Search this book ..." aria-controls="mdbook-searchresults-outer" aria-describedby="searchresults-header">
                            <div class="spinner-wrapper">
                                {{fa "solid" "spinner" "fa-spin"}}
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </form>
                    <div id="mdbook-searchresults-outer" class="searchresults-outer hidden">
                        <div id="mdbook-searchresults-header" class="searchresults-header"></div>
                        <ul id="mdbook-searchresults">
                        </ul>
                    </div>
                </div>
                {{/if}}

                <!-- Apply ARIA attributes after the sidebar and the sidebar toggle button are added to the DOM -->
                <script>
                    document.getElementById('mdbook-sidebar-toggle').setAttribute('aria-expanded', sidebar === 'visible');
                    document.getElementById('mdbook-sidebar').setAttribute('aria-hidden', sidebar !== 'visible');
                    Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('#mdbook-sidebar a')).forEach(function(link) {
                        link.setAttribute('tabIndex', sidebar === 'visible' ? 0 : -1);
                    });
                </script>

                <div id="mdbook-content" class="content">
                    <main>
                        {{{ content }}}
                    </main>

                    <nav class="nav-wrapper" aria-label="Page navigation">
                        <!-- Mobile navigation buttons -->
                        {{#if previous}}
                            <a rel="prev" href="{{ path_to_root }}{{previous.link}}" class="mobile-nav-chapters previous" title="Previous chapter" aria-label="Previous chapter" aria-keyshortcuts="Left">
                                {{#if (eq ../text_direction "rtl")}}
                                {{fa "solid" "angle-right"}}
                                {{else}}
                                {{fa "solid" "angle-left"}}
                                {{/if}}
                            </a>
                        {{/if}}

                        {{#if next}}
                            <a rel="next prefetch" href="{{ path_to_root }}{{next.link}}" class="mobile-nav-chapters next" title="Next chapter" aria-label="Next chapter" aria-keyshortcuts="Right">
                                {{#if (eq ../text_direction "rtl")}}
                                {{fa "solid" "angle-left"}}
                                {{else}}
                                {{fa "solid" "angle-right"}}
                                {{/if}}
                            </a>
                        {{/if}}

                        <div style="clear: both"></div>
                    </nav>
                </div>
            </div>

            <nav class="nav-wide-wrapper" aria-label="Page navigation">
                {{#if previous}}
                    <a rel="prev" href="{{ path_to_root }}{{previous.link}}" class="nav-chapters previous" title="Previous chapter" aria-label="Previous chapter" aria-keyshortcuts="Left">
                        {{#if (eq ../text_direction "rtl")}}
                        {{fa "solid" "angle-right"}}
                        {{else}}
                        {{fa "solid" "angle-left"}}
                        {{/if}}
                    </a>
                {{/if}}

                {{#if next}}
                    <a rel="next prefetch" href="{{ path_to_root }}{{next.link}}" class="nav-chapters next" title="Next chapter" aria-label="Next chapter" aria-keyshortcuts="Right">
                        {{#if (eq text_direction "rtl")}}
                        {{fa "solid" "angle-left"}}
                        {{else}}
                        {{fa "solid" "angle-right"}}
                        {{/if}}
                    </a>
                {{/if}}
            </nav>

        </div>

        <template id=fa-eye>{{fa "solid" "eye"}}</template>
        <template id=fa-eye-slash>{{fa "solid" "eye-slash"}}</template>
        <template id=fa-copy>{{fa "regular" "copy"}}</template>
        <template id=fa-play>{{fa "solid" "play"}}</template>
        <template id=fa-clock-rotate-left>{{fa "solid" "clock-rotate-left"}}</template>

        {{#if live_reload_endpoint}}
        <!-- Livereload script (if served using the cli tool) -->
        <script>
            const wsProtocol = location.protocol === 'https:' ? 'wss:' : 'ws:';
            const wsAddress = wsProtocol + "//" + location.host + "/" + "{{{live_reload_endpoint}}}";
            const socket = new WebSocket(wsAddress);
            socket.onmessage = function (event) {
                if (event.data === "reload") {
                    socket.close();
                    location.reload();
                }
            };

            window.onbeforeunload = function() {
                socket.close();
            }
        </script>
        {{/if}}

        {{#if playground_line_numbers}}
        <script>
            window.playground_line_numbers = true;
        </script>
        {{/if}}

        {{#if playground_copyable}}
        <script>
            window.playground_copyable = true;
        </script>
        {{/if}}

        {{#if playground_js}}
        <script src="{{ resource "ace.js" }}"></script>
        <script src="{{ resource "mode-rust.js" }}"></script>
        <script src="{{ resource "editor.js" }}"></script>
        <script src="{{ resource "theme-dawn.js" }}"></script>
        <script src="{{ resource "theme-tomorrow_night.js" }}"></script>
        {{/if}}

        {{#if search_js}}
        <script src="{{ resource "elasticlunr.min.js" }}"></script>
        <script src="{{ resource "mark.min.js" }}"></script>
        <script src="{{ resource "searcher.js" }}"></script>
        {{/if}}

        <script src="{{ resource "clipboard.min.js" }}"></script>
        <script src="{{ resource "highlight.js" }}"></script>
        <script src="{{ resource "book.js" }}"></script>

        <!-- Custom JS scripts -->
        {{#each additional_js}}
        <script src="{{ resource this}}"></script>
        {{/each}}

        {{#if is_print}}
        {{#if mathjax_support}}
        <script>
        window.addEventListener('load', function() {
            MathJax.Hub.Register.StartupHook('End', function() {
                window.setTimeout(window.print, 100);
            });
        });
        </script>
        {{else}}
        <script>
        window.addEventListener('load', function() {
            window.setTimeout(window.print, 100);
        });
        </script>
        {{/if}}
        {{/if}}

        {{#if fragment_map}}
        <script>
            document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
                const fragmentMap =
                    {{{fragment_map}}}
                ;
                const target = fragmentMap[window.location.hash];
                if (target) {
                    let url = new URL(target, window.location.href);
                    window.location.replace(url.href);
                }
            });
        </script>
        {{/if}}

    </div>
    <script>
    (function() {
        var btn = document.getElementById('mdbook-lang-switch');
        if (btn) {
            btn.addEventListener('click', function() {
                var path = window.location.pathname;
                // Switch from /zh/... to /en/...
                if (path.indexOf('/zh/') !== -1) {
                    window.location.href = path.replace('/zh/', '/en/');
                } else {
                    window.location.href = '/en/';
                }
            });
        }
    })();
    </script>
    </body>
</html>
