use std::fmt::Debug;
// Resource allocation and management for optimization coordination
//
// This module provides comprehensive resource allocation capabilities including
// dynamic resource pools, intelligent allocation strategies, and optimization
// of resource utilization across optimization tasks.

#[allow(dead_code)]
use scirs2_core::ndarray::Array1;
use scirs2_core::numeric::Float;
use std::collections::{HashMap, VecDeque};
use std::time::{Duration, SystemTime};

use crate::error::{OptimError, Result};

/// Resource manager for optimization processes
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct ResourceManager<T: Float + Debug + Send + Sync + 'static> {
    /// Available resource pool
    resource_pool: ResourcePool,

    /// Resource allocation tracker
    allocation_tracker: ResourceAllocationTracker<T>,

    /// Resource optimization engine
    optimization_engine: ResourceOptimizationEngine<T>,

    /// Load balancer
    load_balancer: LoadBalancer<T>,

    /// Allocation strategy
    allocation_strategy: ResourceAllocationStrategy,

    /// Resource constraints
    constraints: ResourceConstraints,

    /// Manager configuration
    config: ResourceManagerConfig<T>,

    /// Resource statistics
    stats: ResourceStatistics<T>,
}

/// Resource pool representing available system resources
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct ResourcePool {
    /// CPU cores available
    pub cpu_cores: usize,

    /// CPU core specifications
    pub cpu_specs: Vec<CpuCoreSpec>,

    /// Memory available (MB)
    pub memory_mb: usize,

    /// Memory specifications
    pub memory_specs: MemorySpec,

    /// GPU devices available
    pub gpu_devices: usize,

    /// GPU specifications
    pub gpu_specs: Vec<GpuSpec>,

    /// Storage available (GB)
    pub storage_gb: usize,

    /// Storage specifications
    pub storage_specs: Vec<StorageSpec>,

    /// Network bandwidth (Mbps)
    pub network_bandwidth: f64,

    /// Network specifications
    pub network_specs: NetworkSpec,

    /// Special hardware resources
    pub special_hardware: HashMap<String, usize>,

    /// Resource availability timestamps
    pub availability_times: HashMap<String, SystemTime>,
}

/// CPU core specification
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct CpuCoreSpec {
    /// Core identifier
    pub core_id: usize,

    /// Core frequency (GHz)
    pub frequency_ghz: f64,

    /// Core architecture
    pub architecture: String,

    /// Cache size (MB)
    pub cache_mb: usize,

    /// Performance rating
    pub performance_rating: f64,

    /// Power consumption (watts)
    pub power_consumption: f64,
}

/// Memory specification
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct MemorySpec {
    /// Memory type (DDR4, DDR5, etc.)
    pub memory_type: String,

    /// Memory speed (MHz)
    pub speed_mhz: usize,

    /// Memory channels
    pub channels: usize,

    /// Memory bandwidth (GB/s)
    pub bandwidth_gbps: f64,

    /// ECC support
    pub ecc_support: bool,
}

/// GPU specification
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct GpuSpec {
    /// GPU identifier
    pub gpu_id: usize,

    /// GPU model
    pub model: String,

    /// Memory size (GB)
    pub memory_gb: usize,

    /// Compute units
    pub compute_units: usize,

    /// Memory bandwidth (GB/s)
    pub memory_bandwidth_gbps: f64,

    /// Compute capability
    pub compute_capability: String,

    /// Power consumption (watts)
    pub power_consumption: f64,
}

/// Storage specification
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct StorageSpec {
    /// Storage identifier
    pub storage_id: usize,

    /// Storage type (SSD, HDD, NVMe)
    pub storage_type: String,

    /// Capacity (GB)
    pub capacity_gb: usize,

    /// Read speed (MB/s)
    pub read_speed_mbps: f64,

    /// Write speed (MB/s)
    pub write_speed_mbps: f64,

    /// Latency (microseconds)
    pub latency_us: f64,
}

/// Network specification
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct NetworkSpec {
    /// Network type (Ethernet, InfiniBand, etc.)
    pub network_type: String,

    /// Maximum bandwidth (Mbps)
    pub max_bandwidth_mbps: f64,

    /// Latency (microseconds)
    pub latency_us: f64,

    /// Protocol support
    pub protocols: Vec<String>,
}

/// Resource allocation tracker
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct ResourceAllocationTracker<T: Float + Debug + Send + Sync + 'static> {
    /// Current allocations
    current_allocations: HashMap<String, ResourceAllocation>,

    /// Allocation history
    allocation_history: VecDeque<AllocationEvent>,

    /// Resource utilization tracking
    utilization_tracker: UtilizationTracker<T>,

    /// Allocation efficiency metrics
    efficiency_metrics: AllocationEfficiencyMetrics<T>,

    /// Conflict detector
    conflict_detector: AllocationConflictDetector,
}

/// Resource allocation for a specific task
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct ResourceAllocation {
    /// Task identifier
    pub task_id: String,

    /// Allocated CPU cores
    pub cpu_cores: Vec<usize>,

    /// Allocated memory (MB)
    pub memory_mb: usize,

    /// Allocated GPU devices
    pub gpu_devices: Vec<usize>,

    /// Allocated storage (GB)
    pub storage_gb: usize,

    /// Allocated network bandwidth (Mbps)
    pub network_bandwidth: f64,

    /// Special hardware allocations
    pub special_hardware: HashMap<String, usize>,

    /// Allocation timestamp
    pub allocated_at: SystemTime,

    /// Expected release time
    pub expected_release: SystemTime,

    /// Allocation priority
    pub priority: u8,
}

/// Allocation event for tracking
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct AllocationEvent {
    /// Event type
    pub event_type: AllocationEventType,

    /// Task identifier
    pub task_id: String,

    /// Resource allocation details
    pub allocation: ResourceAllocation,

    /// Event timestamp
    pub timestamp: SystemTime,

    /// Event metadata
    pub metadata: HashMap<String, String>,
}

/// Types of allocation events
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub enum AllocationEventType {
    /// Resource allocated
    Allocated,

    /// Resource deallocated
    Deallocated,

    /// Allocation modified
    Modified,

    /// Allocation failed
    Failed,

    /// Allocation expired
    Expired,
}

/// Resource utilization tracker
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct UtilizationTracker<T: Float + Debug + Send + Sync + 'static> {
    /// Current CPU utilization per core
    cpu_utilization: Vec<T>,

    /// Current memory utilization
    memory_utilization: T,

    /// Current GPU utilization per device
    gpu_utilization: Vec<T>,

    /// Current storage utilization
    storage_utilization: T,

    /// Current network utilization
    network_utilization: T,

    /// Utilization history
    utilization_history: VecDeque<UtilizationSnapshot<T>>,

    /// Utilization trends
    trends: UtilizationTrends<T>,
}

/// Utilization snapshot
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct UtilizationSnapshot<T: Float + Debug + Send + Sync + 'static> {
    /// Timestamp
    pub timestamp: SystemTime,

    /// CPU utilization
    pub cpu_utilization: Vec<T>,

    /// Memory utilization
    pub memory_utilization: T,

    /// GPU utilization
    pub gpu_utilization: Vec<T>,

    /// Storage utilization
    pub storage_utilization: T,

    /// Network utilization
    pub network_utilization: T,

    /// Overall system utilization
    pub overall_utilization: T,
}

/// Utilization trends analysis
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct UtilizationTrends<T: Float + Debug + Send + Sync + 'static> {
    /// CPU utilization trend
    cpu_trend: TrendDirection,

    /// Memory utilization trend
    memory_trend: TrendDirection,

    /// GPU utilization trend
    gpu_trend: TrendDirection,

    /// Trend strength
    trend_strength: T,

    /// Prediction accuracy
    prediction_accuracy: T,
}

/// Trend direction
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub enum TrendDirection {
    Increasing,
    Decreasing,
    Stable,
    Oscillating,
    Unknown,
}

/// Allocation efficiency metrics
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct AllocationEfficiencyMetrics<T: Float + Debug + Send + Sync + 'static> {
    /// Resource utilization efficiency
    utilization_efficiency: T,

    /// Allocation fragmentation
    fragmentation: T,

    /// Load balancing effectiveness
    load_balance_score: T,

    /// Allocation latency
    allocation_latency: Duration,

    /// Success rate
    success_rate: T,

    /// Waste percentage
    waste_percentage: T,
}

/// Allocation conflict detector
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct AllocationConflictDetector {
    /// Active conflict checks
    active_checks: HashMap<String, ConflictCheck>,

    /// Conflict resolution strategies
    resolution_strategies: Vec<ConflictResolutionStrategy>,

    /// Conflict history
    conflict_history: VecDeque<AllocationConflict>,
}

/// Conflict check definition
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct ConflictCheck {
    /// Check identifier
    pub check_id: String,

    /// Resource types to check
    pub resource_types: Vec<String>,

    /// Conflict detection algorithm
    pub detection_algorithm: ConflictDetectionAlgorithm,

    /// Check frequency
    pub check_frequency: Duration,
}

/// Conflict detection algorithms
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub enum ConflictDetectionAlgorithm {
    /// Simple overlap detection
    SimpleOverlap,

    /// Resource capacity checking
    CapacityBased,

    /// Time-based conflict detection
    TimeBased,

    /// Dependency-based detection
    DependencyBased,

    /// Machine learning based
    MLBased,
}

/// Conflict resolution strategies
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub enum ConflictResolutionStrategy {
    /// First-come-first-served
    FirstComeFirstServed,

    /// Priority-based resolution
    PriorityBased,

    /// Resource sharing
    ResourceSharing,

    /// Time-slicing
    TimeSlicing,

    /// Alternative resource allocation
    AlternativeAllocation,

    /// Preemption
    Preemption,
}

/// Allocation conflict representation
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct AllocationConflict {
    /// Conflict identifier
    pub conflict_id: String,

    /// Conflicting task identifiers
    pub conflicting_tasks: Vec<String>,

    /// Conflicting resources
    pub conflicting_resources: Vec<String>,

    /// Conflict type
    pub conflict_type: ConflictType,

    /// Conflict timestamp
    pub timestamp: SystemTime,

    /// Resolution applied
    pub resolution: Option<ConflictResolutionStrategy>,

    /// Resolution success
    pub resolved: bool,
}

/// Types of resource conflicts
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub enum ConflictType {
    /// Resource over-allocation
    OverAllocation,

    /// Resource dependency conflict
    DependencyConflict,

    /// Time overlap conflict
    TimeOverlap,

    /// Exclusive access conflict
    ExclusiveAccess,

    /// Performance interference
    PerformanceInterference,
}

/// Resource optimization engine
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct ResourceOptimizationEngine<T: Float + Debug + Send + Sync + 'static> {
    /// Optimization objectives
    objectives: Vec<OptimizationObjective>,

    /// Optimization algorithms
    algorithms: HashMap<String, Box<dyn ResourceOptimizationAlgorithm<T>>>,

    /// Current optimization strategy
    current_strategy: String,

    /// Optimization history
    optimization_history: VecDeque<OptimizationResult<T>>,

    /// Performance predictors
    predictors: HashMap<String, PerformancePredictor<T>>,
}

/// Resource optimization objectives
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub enum OptimizationObjective {
    /// Maximize throughput
    MaximizeThroughput,

    /// Minimize latency
    MinimizeLatency,

    /// Maximize utilization
    MaximizeUtilization,

    /// Minimize power consumption
    MinimizePower,

    /// Maximize fairness
    MaximizeFairness,

    /// Minimize cost
    MinimizeCost,
}

/// Resource optimization algorithm trait
pub trait ResourceOptimizationAlgorithm<T: Float + Debug + Send + Sync + 'static>:
    Send + Sync + std::fmt::Debug
{
    /// Optimize resource allocation
    fn optimize(
        &mut self,
        current_state: &ResourceState<T>,
        objectives: &[OptimizationObjective],
    ) -> Result<OptimizationResult<T>>;

    /// Get algorithm name
    fn name(&self) -> &str;

    /// Get algorithm performance metrics
    fn get_metrics(&self) -> HashMap<String, T>;
}

/// Current resource state
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct ResourceState<T: Float + Debug + Send + Sync + 'static> {
    /// Available resources
    pub available_resources: ResourcePool,

    /// Current allocations
    pub current_allocations: HashMap<String, ResourceAllocation>,

    /// Resource utilization
    pub utilization: UtilizationSnapshot<T>,

    /// Pending requests
    pub pending_requests: Vec<ResourceRequest>,

    /// Performance metrics
    pub performance_metrics: HashMap<String, T>,
}

/// Resource request from tasks
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct ResourceRequest {
    /// Requesting task identifier
    pub task_id: String,

    /// Required CPU cores
    pub cpu_cores: usize,

    /// Required memory (MB)
    pub memory_mb: usize,

    /// Required GPU devices
    pub gpu_devices: usize,

    /// Required storage (GB)
    pub storage_gb: usize,

    /// Required network bandwidth (Mbps)
    pub network_bandwidth: f64,

    /// Special hardware requirements
    pub special_hardware: HashMap<String, usize>,

    /// Request priority
    pub priority: u8,

    /// Request deadline
    pub deadline: Option<SystemTime>,

    /// Request timestamp
    pub requested_at: SystemTime,
}

/// Optimization result
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct OptimizationResult<T: Float + Debug + Send + Sync + 'static> {
    /// Proposed allocations
    pub proposed_allocations: HashMap<String, ResourceAllocation>,

    /// Expected performance improvement
    pub performance_improvement: T,

    /// Optimization objectives achieved
    pub objectives_achieved: HashMap<OptimizationObjective, T>,

    /// Optimization cost
    pub optimization_cost: T,

    /// Confidence in result
    pub confidence: T,

    /// Optimization algorithm used
    pub algorithm_used: String,
}

/// Performance predictor for resources
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct PerformancePredictor<T: Float + Debug + Send + Sync + 'static> {
    /// Prediction model
    model: PredictionModel<T>,

    /// Historical performance data
    historical_data: VecDeque<PerformanceDataPoint<T>>,

    /// Prediction accuracy
    accuracy: T,

    /// Model update frequency
    update_frequency: Duration,
}

/// Prediction model for performance
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct PredictionModel<T: Float + Debug + Send + Sync + 'static> {
    /// Model type
    model_type: String,

    /// Model parameters
    parameters: HashMap<String, Array1<T>>,

    /// Training data size
    training_size: usize,

    /// Model performance metrics
    performance_metrics: HashMap<String, T>,
}

/// Performance data point
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct PerformanceDataPoint<T: Float + Debug + Send + Sync + 'static> {
    /// Resource allocation
    pub allocation: ResourceAllocation,

    /// Actual performance achieved
    pub performance: T,

    /// Task characteristics
    pub task_characteristics: HashMap<String, T>,

    /// Environmental factors
    pub environmental_factors: HashMap<String, T>,

    /// Timestamp
    pub timestamp: SystemTime,
}

/// Load balancer for resources
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct LoadBalancer<T: Float + Debug + Send + Sync + 'static> {
    /// Load balancing strategy
    strategy: LoadBalancingStrategy,

    /// Current load distribution
    load_distribution: HashMap<String, T>,

    /// Load balancing history
    balancing_history: VecDeque<LoadBalancingEvent<T>>,

    /// Load predictor
    load_predictor: LoadPredictor<T>,

    /// Balancing effectiveness
    effectiveness: T,
}

/// Load balancing strategies
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub enum LoadBalancingStrategy {
    /// Round robin balancing
    RoundRobin,

    /// Least loaded first
    LeastLoaded,

    /// Weighted round robin
    WeightedRoundRobin,

    /// Resource-aware balancing
    ResourceAware,

    /// Performance-based balancing
    PerformanceBased,

    /// Predictive balancing
    Predictive,
}

/// Load balancing event
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct LoadBalancingEvent<T: Float + Debug + Send + Sync + 'static> {
    /// Event timestamp
    pub timestamp: SystemTime,

    /// Balancing strategy used
    pub strategy: LoadBalancingStrategy,

    /// Load before balancing
    pub load_before: HashMap<String, T>,

    /// Load after balancing
    pub load_after: HashMap<String, T>,

    /// Balancing effectiveness
    pub effectiveness: T,
}

/// Load predictor
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct LoadPredictor<T: Float + Debug + Send + Sync + 'static> {
    /// Prediction horizon
    horizon: Duration,

    /// Prediction model
    model: PredictionModel<T>,

    /// Prediction accuracy
    accuracy: T,

    /// Recent predictions
    recent_predictions: VecDeque<LoadPrediction<T>>,
}

/// Load prediction
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct LoadPrediction<T: Float + Debug + Send + Sync + 'static> {
    /// Prediction timestamp
    pub timestamp: SystemTime,

    /// Target time
    pub target_time: SystemTime,

    /// Predicted loads
    pub predicted_loads: HashMap<String, T>,

    /// Prediction confidence
    pub confidence: T,

    /// Actual loads (filled in later)
    pub actual_loads: Option<HashMap<String, T>>,
}

/// Resource allocation strategies
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub enum ResourceAllocationStrategy {
    /// Best fit allocation
    BestFit,

    /// First fit allocation
    FirstFit,

    /// Worst fit allocation
    WorstFit,

    /// Performance-optimized allocation
    PerformanceOptimized,

    /// Energy-efficient allocation
    EnergyEfficient,

    /// Fair share allocation
    FairShare,

    /// Priority-based allocation
    PriorityBased,
}

/// Resource constraints
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct ResourceConstraints {
    /// Maximum CPU utilization allowed
    pub max_cpu_utilization: f64,

    /// Maximum memory utilization allowed
    pub max_memory_utilization: f64,

    /// Maximum GPU utilization allowed
    pub max_gpu_utilization: f64,

    /// Minimum available resources to maintain
    pub min_available_resources: ResourcePool,

    /// Resource isolation requirements
    pub isolation_requirements: HashMap<String, IsolationLevel>,

    /// Performance guarantees
    pub performance_guarantees: Vec<PerformanceGuarantee>,
}

/// Resource isolation levels
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub enum IsolationLevel {
    /// No isolation
    None,

    /// Process-level isolation
    Process,

    /// Container-level isolation
    Container,

    /// Virtual machine isolation
    VirtualMachine,

    /// Hardware-level isolation
    Hardware,
}

/// Performance guarantee
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct PerformanceGuarantee {
    /// Guarantee identifier
    pub guarantee_id: String,

    /// Resource type
    pub resource_type: String,

    /// Minimum performance level
    pub min_performance: f64,

    /// Performance metric
    pub metric: String,

    /// Guarantee priority
    pub priority: u8,
}

/// Resource manager configuration
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct ResourceManagerConfig<T: Float + Debug + Send + Sync + 'static> {
    /// Allocation timeout
    pub allocation_timeout: Duration,

    /// Resource monitoring interval
    pub monitoring_interval: Duration,

    /// Optimization interval
    pub optimization_interval: Duration,

    /// Maximum allocation retries
    pub max_allocation_retries: usize,

    /// Enable predictive allocation
    pub enable_predictive_allocation: bool,

    /// Enable load balancing
    pub enable_load_balancing: bool,

    /// Resource over-provisioning factor
    pub over_provisioning_factor: T,

    /// Enable conflict detection
    pub enable_conflict_detection: bool,
}

/// Resource statistics
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct ResourceStatistics<T: Float + Debug + Send + Sync + 'static> {
    /// Total allocations made
    pub total_allocations: usize,

    /// Total deallocations
    pub total_deallocations: usize,

    /// Failed allocations
    pub failed_allocations: usize,

    /// Average allocation time
    pub average_allocation_time: Duration,

    /// Average utilization efficiency
    pub average_utilization_efficiency: T,

    /// Resource fragmentation
    pub fragmentation: T,

    /// Load balancing effectiveness
    pub load_balance_effectiveness: T,

    /// Conflict resolution success rate
    pub conflict_resolution_rate: T,
}

impl<T: Float + Debug + Default + Clone + Send + Sync + 'static + std::iter::Sum>
    ResourceManager<T>
{
    /// Create new resource manager
    pub fn new(resource_pool: ResourcePool, config: ResourceManagerConfig<T>) -> Result<Self> {
        Ok(Self {
            resource_pool,
            allocation_tracker: ResourceAllocationTracker::new()?,
            optimization_engine: ResourceOptimizationEngine::new()?,
            load_balancer: LoadBalancer::new()?,
            allocation_strategy: ResourceAllocationStrategy::BestFit,
            constraints: ResourceConstraints::default(),
            config,
            stats: ResourceStatistics::default(),
        })
    }

    /// Allocate resources for a task
    pub fn allocate_resources(&mut self, request: ResourceRequest) -> Result<ResourceAllocation> {
        // Check resource availability
        self.check_resource_availability(&request)?;

        // Apply allocation strategy
        let allocation = self.apply_allocation_strategy(&request)?;

        // Track the allocation
        self.allocation_tracker.track_allocation(&allocation)?;

        // Update statistics
        self.stats.total_allocations += 1;

        Ok(allocation)
    }

    /// Deallocate resources for a task
    pub fn deallocate_resources(&mut self, task_id: &str) -> Result<()> {
        self.allocation_tracker.deallocate(task_id)?;
        self.stats.total_deallocations += 1;
        Ok(())
    }

    /// Get current resource utilization
    pub fn get_utilization(&self) -> UtilizationSnapshot<T> {
        self.allocation_tracker.get_current_utilization()
    }

    /// Optimize resource allocation
    pub fn optimize_allocation(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
        let current_state = self.get_current_state();
        let objectives = vec![OptimizationObjective::MaximizeUtilization];

        let _result = self
            .optimization_engine
            .optimize(&current_state, &objectives)?;

        // Apply optimization result if beneficial
        // Implementation would analyze and apply the optimization

        Ok(())
    }

    /// Get resource statistics
    pub fn get_statistics(&self) -> &ResourceStatistics<T> {
        &self.stats
    }

    /// Check if resources are available for request
    fn check_resource_availability(&self, request: &ResourceRequest) -> Result<bool> {
        let current_utilization = self.get_utilization();

        // Check CPU availability
        let available_cpu = self.resource_pool.cpu_cores
            - (current_utilization
                .cpu_utilization
                .iter()
                .cloned()
                .sum::<T>()
                .to_usize()
                .unwrap_or(0));
        if available_cpu < request.cpu_cores {
            return Err(OptimError::ResourceUnavailable(
                "Insufficient CPU cores".to_string(),
            ));
        }

        // Check memory availability
        let available_memory = T::from(self.resource_pool.memory_mb).unwrap_or_else(|| T::zero())
            * (T::one() - current_utilization.memory_utilization);
        if available_memory < T::from(request.memory_mb).unwrap_or_else(|| T::zero()) {
            return Err(OptimError::ResourceUnavailable(
                "Insufficient memory".to_string(),
            ));
        }

        Ok(true)
    }

    /// Apply allocation strategy
    fn apply_allocation_strategy(&self, request: &ResourceRequest) -> Result<ResourceAllocation> {
        match self.allocation_strategy {
            ResourceAllocationStrategy::BestFit => self.best_fit_allocation(request),
            ResourceAllocationStrategy::FirstFit => self.first_fit_allocation(request),
            _ => self.default_allocation(request),
        }
    }

    /// Best fit allocation strategy
    fn best_fit_allocation(&self, request: &ResourceRequest) -> Result<ResourceAllocation> {
        // Simplified best fit implementation
        Ok(ResourceAllocation {
            task_id: request.task_id.clone(),
            cpu_cores: (0..request.cpu_cores).collect(),
            memory_mb: request.memory_mb,
            gpu_devices: (0..request.gpu_devices).collect(),
            storage_gb: request.storage_gb,
            network_bandwidth: request.network_bandwidth,
            special_hardware: request.special_hardware.clone(),
            allocated_at: SystemTime::now(),
            expected_release: SystemTime::now() + Duration::from_secs(3600),
            priority: request.priority,
        })
    }

    /// First fit allocation strategy
    fn first_fit_allocation(&self, request: &ResourceRequest) -> Result<ResourceAllocation> {
        // Simplified first fit implementation
        self.default_allocation(request)
    }

    /// Default allocation strategy
    fn default_allocation(&self, request: &ResourceRequest) -> Result<ResourceAllocation> {
        Ok(ResourceAllocation {
            task_id: request.task_id.clone(),
            cpu_cores: (0..request.cpu_cores).collect(),
            memory_mb: request.memory_mb,
            gpu_devices: (0..request.gpu_devices).collect(),
            storage_gb: request.storage_gb,
            network_bandwidth: request.network_bandwidth,
            special_hardware: request.special_hardware.clone(),
            allocated_at: SystemTime::now(),
            expected_release: SystemTime::now() + Duration::from_secs(3600),
            priority: request.priority,
        })
    }

    /// Get current resource state
    fn get_current_state(&self) -> ResourceState<T> {
        ResourceState {
            available_resources: self.resource_pool.clone(),
            current_allocations: self.allocation_tracker.get_current_allocations(),
            utilization: self.get_utilization(),
            pending_requests: Vec::new(),
            performance_metrics: HashMap::new(),
        }
    }
}

// Helper implementations

impl<T: Float + Debug + Default + Clone + Send + Sync + 'static> ResourceAllocationTracker<T> {
    pub fn new() -> Result<Self> {
        Ok(Self {
            current_allocations: HashMap::new(),
            allocation_history: VecDeque::new(),
            utilization_tracker: UtilizationTracker::new()?,
            efficiency_metrics: AllocationEfficiencyMetrics::default(),
            conflict_detector: AllocationConflictDetector::new(),
        })
    }

    pub fn track_allocation(&mut self, allocation: &ResourceAllocation) -> Result<()> {
        self.current_allocations
            .insert(allocation.task_id.clone(), allocation.clone());

        let event = AllocationEvent {
            event_type: AllocationEventType::Allocated,
            task_id: allocation.task_id.clone(),
            allocation: allocation.clone(),
            timestamp: SystemTime::now(),
            metadata: HashMap::new(),
        };

        self.allocation_history.push_back(event);
        Ok(())
    }

    pub fn deallocate(&mut self, task_id: &str) -> Result<()> {
        if let Some(allocation) = self.current_allocations.remove(task_id) {
            let event = AllocationEvent {
                event_type: AllocationEventType::Deallocated,
                task_id: task_id.to_string(),
                allocation,
                timestamp: SystemTime::now(),
                metadata: HashMap::new(),
            };

            self.allocation_history.push_back(event);
        }
        Ok(())
    }

    pub fn get_current_utilization(&self) -> UtilizationSnapshot<T> {
        self.utilization_tracker.get_current_snapshot()
    }

    pub fn get_current_allocations(&self) -> HashMap<String, ResourceAllocation> {
        self.current_allocations.clone()
    }
}

impl<T: Float + Debug + Default + Clone + Send + Sync + 'static> UtilizationTracker<T> {
    pub fn new() -> Result<Self> {
        Ok(Self {
            cpu_utilization: Vec::new(),
            memory_utilization: T::zero(),
            gpu_utilization: Vec::new(),
            storage_utilization: T::zero(),
            network_utilization: T::zero(),
            utilization_history: VecDeque::new(),
            trends: UtilizationTrends::default(),
        })
    }

    pub fn get_current_snapshot(&self) -> UtilizationSnapshot<T> {
        UtilizationSnapshot {
            timestamp: SystemTime::now(),
            cpu_utilization: self.cpu_utilization.clone(),
            memory_utilization: self.memory_utilization,
            gpu_utilization: self.gpu_utilization.clone(),
            storage_utilization: self.storage_utilization,
            network_utilization: self.network_utilization,
            overall_utilization: self.calculate_overall_utilization(),
        }
    }

    fn calculate_overall_utilization(&self) -> T {
        // Simplified overall utilization calculation
        (self.memory_utilization + self.storage_utilization + self.network_utilization)
            / T::from(3.0).unwrap_or_else(|| T::zero())
    }
}

impl<T: Float + Debug + Default + Clone + Send + Sync + 'static> ResourceOptimizationEngine<T> {
    pub fn new() -> Result<Self> {
        Ok(Self {
            objectives: Vec::new(),
            algorithms: HashMap::new(),
            current_strategy: "default".to_string(),
            optimization_history: VecDeque::new(),
            predictors: HashMap::new(),
        })
    }

    pub fn optimize(
        &mut self,
        current_state: &ResourceState<T>,
        objectives: &[OptimizationObjective],
    ) -> Result<OptimizationResult<T>> {
        // Simplified optimization implementation
        Ok(OptimizationResult {
            proposed_allocations: current_state.current_allocations.clone(),
            performance_improvement: T::from(0.1).unwrap_or_else(|| T::zero()),
            objectives_achieved: HashMap::new(),
            optimization_cost: T::from(0.05).unwrap_or_else(|| T::zero()),
            confidence: T::from(0.8).unwrap_or_else(|| T::zero()),
            algorithm_used: self.current_strategy.clone(),
        })
    }
}

impl<T: Float + Debug + Default + Clone + Send + Sync + 'static> LoadBalancer<T> {
    pub fn new() -> Result<Self> {
        Ok(Self {
            strategy: LoadBalancingStrategy::LeastLoaded,
            load_distribution: HashMap::new(),
            balancing_history: VecDeque::new(),
            load_predictor: LoadPredictor::new()?,
            effectiveness: T::from(0.5).unwrap_or_else(|| T::zero()),
        })
    }
}

impl<T: Float + Debug + Default + Clone + Send + Sync + 'static> LoadPredictor<T> {
    pub fn new() -> Result<Self> {
        Ok(Self {
            horizon: Duration::from_secs(300),
            model: PredictionModel {
                model_type: "linear".to_string(),
                parameters: HashMap::new(),
                training_size: 0,
                performance_metrics: HashMap::new(),
            },
            accuracy: T::from(0.5).unwrap_or_else(|| T::zero()),
            recent_predictions: VecDeque::new(),
        })
    }
}

impl AllocationConflictDetector {
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        Self {
            active_checks: HashMap::new(),
            resolution_strategies: vec![
                ConflictResolutionStrategy::PriorityBased,
                ConflictResolutionStrategy::ResourceSharing,
            ],
            conflict_history: VecDeque::new(),
        }
    }
}

impl Default for AllocationConflictDetector {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self::new()
    }
}

// Default implementations

impl Default for ResourceConstraints {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            max_cpu_utilization: 0.9,
            max_memory_utilization: 0.85,
            max_gpu_utilization: 0.9,
            min_available_resources: ResourcePool::default(),
            isolation_requirements: HashMap::new(),
            performance_guarantees: Vec::new(),
        }
    }
}

impl Default for ResourcePool {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            cpu_cores: 8,
            cpu_specs: Vec::new(),
            memory_mb: 16384,
            memory_specs: MemorySpec::default(),
            gpu_devices: 1,
            gpu_specs: Vec::new(),
            storage_gb: 1000,
            storage_specs: Vec::new(),
            network_bandwidth: 1000.0,
            network_specs: NetworkSpec::default(),
            special_hardware: HashMap::new(),
            availability_times: HashMap::new(),
        }
    }
}

impl Default for MemorySpec {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            memory_type: "DDR4".to_string(),
            speed_mhz: 3200,
            channels: 2,
            bandwidth_gbps: 51.2,
            ecc_support: false,
        }
    }
}

impl Default for NetworkSpec {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            network_type: "Ethernet".to_string(),
            max_bandwidth_mbps: 1000.0,
            latency_us: 100.0,
            protocols: vec!["TCP".to_string(), "UDP".to_string()],
        }
    }
}

impl<T: Float + Debug + Default + Send + Sync> Default for AllocationEfficiencyMetrics<T> {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            utilization_efficiency: T::from(0.5).unwrap_or_else(|| T::zero()),
            fragmentation: T::from(0.1).unwrap_or_else(|| T::zero()),
            load_balance_score: T::from(0.8).unwrap_or_else(|| T::zero()),
            allocation_latency: Duration::from_millis(10),
            success_rate: T::from(0.95).unwrap_or_else(|| T::zero()),
            waste_percentage: T::from(0.05).unwrap_or_else(|| T::zero()),
        }
    }
}

impl<T: Float + Debug + Default + Send + Sync> Default for UtilizationTrends<T> {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            cpu_trend: TrendDirection::Stable,
            memory_trend: TrendDirection::Stable,
            gpu_trend: TrendDirection::Stable,
            trend_strength: T::from(0.1).unwrap_or_else(|| T::zero()),
            prediction_accuracy: T::from(0.7).unwrap_or_else(|| T::zero()),
        }
    }
}

impl<T: Float + Debug + Default + Send + Sync> Default for ResourceStatistics<T> {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            total_allocations: 0,
            total_deallocations: 0,
            failed_allocations: 0,
            average_allocation_time: Duration::from_millis(5),
            average_utilization_efficiency: T::from(0.7).unwrap_or_else(|| T::zero()),
            fragmentation: T::from(0.1).unwrap_or_else(|| T::zero()),
            load_balance_effectiveness: T::from(0.8).unwrap_or_else(|| T::zero()),
            conflict_resolution_rate: T::from(0.9).unwrap_or_else(|| T::zero()),
        }
    }
}
