# Deep WASM Inspection Specification v1.0

**PMAT Enhancement Proposal: WASM Pipeline Deep Inspection**

**Status:** Draft  
**Author:** PMAT Development Team  
**Created:** 2025-10-02  
**Target Release:** v2.70.0

---

## Executive Summary

This specification defines a new PMAT feature for deep inspection of the Rust → WebAssembly → JavaScript → HTML pipeline, with initial focus on Rust and Ruchy language implementations. The feature addresses critical debugging challenges in polyglot web applications where the compilation boundary introduces opacity and makes error attribution difficult.

**Key Innovation:** Multi-layer bidirectional tracing that reconstructs the complete compilation and execution pipeline, enabling developers to understand transformations, optimize performance bottlenecks, and debug issues across language boundaries.

---

## 1. Motivation and Problem Statement

### 1.1 The WASM Debugging Challenge

WebAssembly introduces a sophisticated compilation pipeline that obscures the relationship between source code and runtime behavior. The WebAssembly specification was designed with formal semantics from the start, but the debugging story remains immature, particularly for polyglot applications.

**Critical Pain Points:**

1. **Semantic Gap**: Type recovery from WebAssembly binaries is complex, with standard approaches recovering only 7-35 types compared to the 1,225+ types found in real-world applications

2. **Stack Machine Opacity**: WebAssembly's stack-based architecture lacks registers and unified virtual address space, creating challenges for traditional DWARF-based debugging approaches

3. **Source Map Limitations**: Source maps were designed for text formats with JavaScript semantics, not binary formats with arbitrary type systems and linear memory models

4. **Cross-Language Complexity**: The pipeline involves multiple transformation layers (Rust AST → MIR → LLVM IR → WASM → JS interop), each introducing potential defects

5. **Performance Debugging**: WebAssembly code is "tiered down" to unoptimized versions when DevTools are open, making performance measurements unreliable

### 1.2 Ruchy-Specific Challenges

Ruchy as a novel language targeting WASM faces additional challenges:

- Actor model concurrency mapped to WASM's single-threaded execution
- Pattern matching compiled to WASM control flow
- Type inference across the compilation boundary
- Memory management in WASM's linear memory model
- Deadlock detection in actor message flows

### 1.3 Research Foundation

**Formal Verification**: Iris-Wasm provides mechanized higher-order separation logic for WebAssembly, enabling modular verification of programs even when they invoke unknown code. This work demonstrates that formal reasoning about WASM modules is tractable.

**Type Recovery**: Neural sequence-to-sequence models can predict precise parameter and return types with 44.5% exact match accuracy for top-1 predictions and 75.2% for top-5 predictions, suggesting ML approaches can augment static analysis.

**Compilation Verification**: Lightweight modular verification of instruction-lowering rules can identify critical bugs including CVEs in production compilers like Cranelift.

---

## 2. System Architecture

### 2.1 Core Components

```
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                    Deep WASM Inspector                          │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                                   │
│  ┌──────────────┐  ┌──────────────┐  ┌──────────────┐          │
│  │   Source     │  │  Compilation │  │   Runtime    │          │
│  │   Analyzer   │─▶│   Pipeline   │─▶│   Tracer     │          │
│  │              │  │   Tracker    │  │              │          │
│  └──────────────┘  └──────────────┘  └──────────────┘          │
│         │                  │                  │                  │
│         │                  │                  │                  │
│         ▼                  ▼                  ▼                  │
│  ┌────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐         │
│  │         Multi-Layer Correlation Engine             │         │
│  │  • Source Location → WASM Offset Mapping           │         │
│  │  • DWARF Symbol Resolution                         │         │
│  │  • Type Flow Analysis                              │         │
│  │  • Memory Layout Reconstruction                    │         │
│  └────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘         │
│         │                  │                  │                  │
│         ▼                  ▼                  ▼                  │
│  ┌──────────────┐  ┌──────────────┐  ┌──────────────┐          │
│  │  Deep Context│  │  Diagnostic  │  │  Interactive │          │
│  │  Generator   │  │  Report Gen  │  │  Query API   │          │
│  └──────────────┘  └──────────────┘  └──────────────┘          │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
```

### 2.2 Integration with PMAT Architecture

The Deep WASM Inspector extends PMAT's existing service layer:

```rust
/// Deep WASM analysis service extending PMAT's architecture
pub struct DeepWasmService {
    /// AST analyzer for source languages (Rust, Ruchy)
    source_analyzer: Box<dyn SourceAnalyzer>,
    
    /// WASM binary parser and inspector
    wasm_inspector: WasmInspector,
    
    /// DWARF debug info parser
    dwarf_parser: DwarfParser,
    
    /// Source map handler
    source_map_handler: SourceMapHandler,
    
    /// Cross-layer correlation engine
    correlation_engine: CorrelationEngine,
    
    /// TDG integration for quality metrics
    tdg_integration: TdgIntegration,
}

impl Service for DeepWasmService {
    type Input = DeepWasmAnalysisRequest;
    type Output = DeepWasmReport;
    
    async fn process(&self, input: Self::Input) -> Result<Self::Output, Self::Error> {
        // Multi-phase analysis pipeline
        let source_metrics = self.analyze_source(&input).await?;
        let wasm_artifacts = self.inspect_wasm(&input).await?;
        let correlation = self.correlate_layers(&source_metrics, &wasm_artifacts).await?;
        
        Ok(self.generate_report(correlation).await?)
    }
}
```

### 2.3 Analysis Layers

#### Layer 1: Source Code Analysis
- **Rust Analysis**: Full AST traversal with MIR inspection
- **Ruchy Analysis**: Actor graph construction, pattern match complexity, message flow analysis
- **Metrics**: Cyclomatic complexity, actor concurrency patterns, type complexity

#### Layer 2: Compilation Pipeline Tracking
- **LLVM IR Inspection**: Intermediate representation analysis
- **Optimization Tracking**: Document transformations applied by wasm-opt
- **ABI Boundary Analysis**: Identify extern "C" functions, parameter marshaling

#### Layer 3: WASM Binary Analysis
- **Module Structure**: Parse sections (Type, Function, Memory, Global, Export, Code)
- **DWARF Extraction**: Parse .debug_info, .debug_line, .debug_str sections
- **Control Flow Graph**: Reconstruct CFG from WASM instructions
- **Stack Effect Analysis**: Track stack depth and type changes

#### Layer 4: JavaScript Interop Analysis
- **Binding Analysis**: Parse wasm-bindgen generated glue code
- **Type Coercion Tracking**: Document JS ↔ WASM type conversions
- **Memory Sharing**: Identify SharedArrayBuffer usage, memory.grow operations

#### Layer 5: Runtime Behavior Tracing
- **Execution Path Reconstruction**: Map runtime traces back to source
- **Performance Profiling**: Integrate with browser profiler data
- **Memory Access Patterns**: Track linear memory operations

---

## 3. Deep Context Output Format

### 3.1 File Structure

```markdown
# Deep WASM Context: {project_name}
Generated: {timestamp}
PMAT Version: {version}

## Pipeline Overview
- Source Language: Rust {version} / Ruchy {version}
- Target: wasm32-unknown-unknown
- Optimization Level: {opt_level}
- Debug Symbols: {dwarf_version}

## 1. Source Metrics
{detailed source analysis}

## 2. Compilation Pipeline
{transformation tracking}

## 3. WASM Module Analysis
{binary inspection results}

## 4. Interop Boundary Analysis
{JS bindings analysis}

## 5. Runtime Characteristics
{execution profiling}

## 6. Cross-Layer Correlations
{bidirectional mappings}

## 7. Detected Issues
{quality gates, performance bottlenecks, potential bugs}

## 8. Optimization Opportunities
{actionable recommendations}
```

### 3.2 Correlation Data Structures

```rust
#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct SourceToWasmMapping {
    /// Source file path
    pub source_file: PathBuf,
    
    /// Source line:column
    pub source_location: Location,
    
    /// WASM function index
    pub wasm_function_idx: u32,
    
    /// WASM instruction offset
    pub wasm_instruction_offset: u32,
    
    /// DWARF debug entry
    pub dwarf_die: Option<DwarfDebugEntry>,
    
    /// Source map entry
    pub source_map_entry: Option<SourceMapEntry>,
    
    /// Confidence score (0.0-1.0)
    pub confidence: f64,
}

#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct TypeFlowAnalysis {
    /// Source type (Rust/Ruchy)
    pub source_type: String,
    
    /// WASM representation
    pub wasm_types: Vec<WasmType>,
    
    /// JS type at boundary
    pub js_type: JsType,
    
    /// Conversion overhead
    pub conversion_cost: ConversionCost,
    
    /// Potential issues
    pub issues: Vec<TypeIssue>,
}

#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize)]
pub struct PerformanceHotspot {
    /// Source location
    pub source_location: Location,
    
    /// WASM function
    pub wasm_function: String,
    
    /// Execution time percentage
    pub time_percentage: f64,
    
    /// Call count
    pub call_count: u64,
    
    /// Optimization suggestions
    pub suggestions: Vec<OptimizationSuggestion>,
}
```

---

## 4. Feature Specifications

### 4.1 CLI Interface

```bash
# Generate deep WASM context
pmat deep-wasm <path> --output deep_wasm_context.md

# Options
pmat deep-wasm <path> \
    --language rust|ruchy \
    --wasm-file <path-to-wasm> \
    --dwarf-file <debug-wasm> \
    --source-map <source-map.json> \
    --runtime-trace <profile.json> \
    --focus source|compilation|runtime|interop|all \
    --optimization-level 0|1|2|3|s|z \
    --include-mir \
    --include-llvm-ir \
    --track-memory-layout \
    --detect-deadlocks \
    --format markdown|json|html \
    --strict-quality-gates

# Interactive query mode
pmat deep-wasm query <wasm-file> --interactive

# Examples
pmat deep-wasm src/ --wasm-file target/wasm32-unknown-unknown/release/app.wasm
pmat deep-wasm src/main.rs --focus interop --format html --output report.html
pmat deep-wasm . --language ruchy --detect-deadlocks --strict-quality-gates
```

### 4.2 MCP Tools

```json
{
  "tools": [
    {
      "name": "deep_wasm_analyze",
      "description": "Perform deep WASM pipeline analysis",
      "input_schema": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "source_path": {"type": "string"},
          "wasm_path": {"type": "string"},
          "analysis_focus": {
            "type": "string",
            "enum": ["full", "source", "compilation", "runtime", "interop"]
          },
          "language": {
            "type": "string",
            "enum": ["rust", "ruchy"]
          }
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "name": "deep_wasm_query_mapping",
      "description": "Query source-to-WASM mappings",
      "input_schema": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "wasm_file": {"type": "string"},
          "query_type": {
            "type": "string",
            "enum": ["source_location", "wasm_offset", "function_name"]
          },
          "query_value": {"type": "string"}
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "name": "deep_wasm_trace_execution",
      "description": "Trace runtime execution back to source",
      "input_schema": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "wasm_file": {"type": "string"},
          "trace_file": {"type": "string"},
          "format": {"type": "string", "enum": ["chrome", "firefox", "wasmtime"]}
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "name": "deep_wasm_compare_optimizations",
      "description": "Compare WASM outputs across optimization levels",
      "input_schema": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "source_path": {"type": "string"},
          "optimization_levels": {
            "type": "array",
            "items": {"type": "string"}
          }
        }
      }
    },
    {
      "name": "deep_wasm_detect_issues",
      "description": "Run quality gates on WASM pipeline",
      "input_schema": {
        "type": "object",
        "properties": {
          "wasm_file": {"type": "string"},
          "strict_mode": {"type": "boolean"}
        }
      }
    }
  ]
}
```

### 4.3 Quality Gates (Toyota Way Integration)

```rust
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct WasmQualityGates {
    /// Maximum WASM module size (bytes)
    pub max_module_size: u64,
    
    /// Maximum function complexity in WASM
    pub max_wasm_complexity: u32,
    
    /// Minimum source map coverage
    pub min_source_map_coverage: f64,
    
    /// Maximum stack depth
    pub max_stack_depth: u32,
    
    /// Required DWARF version
    pub required_dwarf_version: DwarfVersion,
    
    /// Zero tolerance issues
    pub zero_tolerance: Vec<WasmIssueType>,
}

impl Default for WasmQualityGates {
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self {
            max_module_size: 10_485_760, // 10 MB
            max_wasm_complexity: 20,
            min_source_map_coverage: 0.95,
            max_stack_depth: 1000,
            required_dwarf_version: DwarfVersion::V5,
            zero_tolerance: vec![
                WasmIssueType::UnreachableCode,
                WasmIssueType::UnboundedLoop,
                WasmIssueType::StackOverflow,
                WasmIssueType::MemoryLeak,
                WasmIssueType::UndefinedBehavior,
                WasmIssueType::TypeUnsafety,
            ],
        }
    }
}
```

---

## 5. Implementation Roadmap

### 5.1 Phase 1: Foundation (Weeks 1-3)

**Epic 1.1: Core Infrastructure**

```yaml
- ticket: DWASM-001
  title: "Implement WASM binary parser"
  description: |
    Parse WASM binary format according to WebAssembly spec.
    Support all standard sections + custom sections for DWARF.
  acceptance_criteria:
    - Parse Type, Function, Memory, Global, Export, Code sections
    - Extract custom sections (.debug_*, name, sourceMappingURL)
    - Handle WASM 1.0 and 2.0 features (MVP + threads + SIMD)
    - Parse with zero-copy where possible for performance
  test_requirements:
    - Unit tests for each section parser
    - Property-based tests for malformed input handling
    - Benchmark against wasm-tools and wabt
  complexity_limit: "≤15 per function"
  coverage_requirement: "≥90%"
  
- ticket: DWASM-002
  title: "Implement DWARF v5 parser"
  description: |
    Parse DWARF debugging information from WASM custom sections.
    Focus on .debug_info, .debug_line, .debug_str.
  acceptance_criteria:
    - Parse DWARF v4 and v5 formats
    - Extract DIE (Debug Information Entries)
    - Build line number program tables
    - Resolve string table references
  test_requirements:
    - Test with rustc-generated DWARF
    - Test with clang-generated DWARF
    - Fuzzing with malformed DWARF data
  dependencies: ["DWASM-001"]
  
- ticket: DWASM-003
  title: "Implement source map parser"
  description: |
    Parse JavaScript-style source maps adapted for WASM.
    Support both inline and external source maps.
  acceptance_criteria:
    - Parse Source Map v3 format
    - Decode VLQ-encoded mappings
    - Handle sourcesContent field
    - Resolve relative URLs
  test_requirements:
    - Test with Emscripten-generated source maps
    - Test with wasm-pack source maps
    - Round-trip source map generation tests
  dependencies: ["DWASM-001"]
```

**Epic 1.2: Source Analysis Integration**

```yaml
- ticket: DWASM-004
  title: "Extend Rust analyzer for WASM targets"
  description: |
    Enhance existing Rust AST analyzer to track WASM-specific constructs.
    Focus on #[wasm_bindgen], extern "C", no_mangle attributes.
  acceptance_criteria:
    - Detect all WASM boundary functions
    - Track extern block declarations
    - Analyze memory management patterns (Box, Vec, String at boundary)
    - Identify unsafe blocks that affect WASM
  test_requirements:
    - Test with wasm-bindgen examples
    - Test with Yew framework code
    - Test with manual FFI code
  complexity_limit: "≤20 per function"
  
- ticket: DWASM-005
  title: "Implement Ruchy-specific analyzer"
  description: |
    Build analyzer for Ruchy language targeting WASM.
    Focus on actor model and pattern matching.
  acceptance_criteria:
    - Parse Ruchy AST (reuse tree-sitter grammar)
    - Build actor communication graph
    - Analyze pattern match exhaustiveness
    - Track message passing patterns
    - Detect potential deadlocks
  test_requirements:
    - Test with all Ruchy examples
    - Test actor deadlock scenarios
    - Test pattern match coverage
  dependencies: ["DWASM-004"]
```

### 5.2 Phase 2: Correlation Engine (Weeks 4-6)

**Epic 2.1: Multi-Layer Mapping**

```yaml
- ticket: DWASM-010
  title: "Build source-to-WASM correlation engine"
  description: |
    Create bidirectional mapping between source locations and WASM offsets.
    Use DWARF as primary source, source maps as fallback.
  acceptance_criteria:
    - Map Rust source locations to WASM instruction offsets
    - Support inline functions and generics
    - Handle macro expansions correctly
    - Confidence scoring for each mapping
  test_requirements:
    - Test with debug and release builds
    - Test with LTO enabled
    - Test with different opt-levels
  algorithm_requirements:
    - O(log n) lookup time for mappings
    - O(n) space complexity
    - Support incremental updates
  dependencies: ["DWASM-002", "DWASM-003"]
  
- ticket: DWASM-011
  title: "Implement type flow analysis"
  description: |
    Track type transformations from source through WASM to JS.
    Detect lossy conversions and potential type errors.
  acceptance_criteria:
    - Analyze Rust types at boundaries
    - Map to WASM types (i32, i64, f32, f64, funcref, externref)
    - Predict JS types from wasm-bindgen
    - Detect precision loss (i64 → f64)
    - Identify ownership issues
  test_requirements:
    - Test with complex generic types
    - Test with trait objects
    - Test with reference types proposal
  dependencies: ["DWASM-010"]
  
- ticket: DWASM-012
  title: "Build control flow correlation"
  description: |
    Map source control flow (if/match/loop) to WASM control flow.
    Reconstruct CFG from WASM instructions.
  acceptance_criteria:
    - Parse block, loop, if, br, br_if, br_table instructions
    - Build dominator tree
    - Identify natural loops
    - Map back to source constructs
  test_requirements:
    - Test with complex nested control flow
    - Test with tail recursion optimization
    - Test with loop unrolling
  dependencies: ["DWASM-010"]
```

**Epic 2.2: Performance Analysis**

```yaml
- ticket: DWASM-013
  title: "Integrate with Chrome DevTools profiler"
  description: |
    Parse Chrome profiler output and correlate with source.
    Generate performance hotspot reports.
  acceptance_criteria:
    - Parse DevTools Performance timeline
    - Extract WASM function timings
    - Map to source locations
    - Identify top 10 hotspots
    - Suggest optimization opportunities
  test_requirements:
    - Test with CPU-bound workloads
    - Test with I/O-bound workloads
    - Validate against manual profiling
  dependencies: ["DWASM-010"]
  
- ticket: DWASM-014
  title: "Implement memory access pattern analysis"
  description: |
    Analyze WASM linear memory operations.
    Detect inefficient access patterns.
  acceptance_criteria:
    - Track memory.grow operations
    - Identify cache-unfriendly patterns
    - Detect redundant allocations
    - Analyze heap fragmentation
  test_requirements:
    - Test with large data structures
    - Test with streaming algorithms
    - Benchmark memory overhead
  dependencies: ["DWASM-010"]
```

### 5.3 Phase 3: Report Generation (Weeks 7-8)

**Epic 3.1: Deep Context Generator**

```yaml
- ticket: DWASM-020
  title: "Implement markdown report generator"
  description: |
    Generate comprehensive deep WASM context reports.
    Follow PMAT context output format conventions.
  acceptance_criteria:
    - Generate all 8 report sections
    - Include interactive diagrams (Mermaid)
    - Embed source code snippets
    - Link to external resources
    - Support large projects (>100k LOC)
  test_requirements:
    - Test with Yew TodoMVC
    - Test with wasm-bindgen examples
    - Validate markdown syntax
  dependencies: ["DWASM-010", "DWASM-011", "DWASM-012", "DWASM-013"]
  
- ticket: DWASM-021
  title: "Implement HTML report generator"
  description: |
    Generate interactive HTML reports with visualizations.
    Include collapsible sections, syntax highlighting, charts.
  acceptance_criteria:
    - Responsive design
    - Syntax-highlighted code
    - Interactive WASM disassembly
    - Performance flame graphs
    - No external dependencies (inline CSS/JS)
  test_requirements:
    - Test in Chrome, Firefox, Safari
    - Test on mobile devices
    - Validate accessibility (WCAG 2.1)
  dependencies: ["DWASM-020"]
```

**Epic 3.2: Quality Gate Integration**

```yaml
- ticket: DWASM-022
  title: "Implement WASM-specific quality gates"
  description: |
    Define and enforce WASM quality metrics.
    Integrate with PMAT's TDG system.
  acceptance_criteria:
    - Check module size limits
    - Validate WASM complexity
    - Enforce source map coverage
    - Detect zero-tolerance issues
    - Generate TDG score for WASM pipeline
  test_requirements:
    - Test with passing and failing cases
    - Validate exit codes
    - Test in CI/CD pipeline
  dependencies: ["DWASM-020"]
  
- ticket: DWASM-023
  title: "Implement automated optimization suggestions"
  description: |
    Generate actionable recommendations for WASM optimization.
    Use rule-based system + ML suggestions.
  acceptance_criteria:
    - Suggest inlining opportunities
    - Recommend SIMD usage
    - Identify allocator improvements
    - Suggest panic=abort
    - Recommend LTO settings
  test_requirements:
    - Validate suggestions improve performance
    - A/B test on benchmark suite
  dependencies: ["DWASM-013", "DWASM-014"]
```

### 5.4 Phase 4: Ruchy Integration (Weeks 9-10)

**Epic 4.1: Ruchy Deadlock Detection**

```yaml
- ticket: DWASM-030
  title: "Implement actor graph analyzer"
  description: |
    Build actor communication graph from Ruchy code.
    Detect cyclic dependencies.
  acceptance_criteria:
    - Parse Ruchy actor definitions
    - Extract message send operations
    - Build directed graph
    - Detect cycles using Tarjan's algorithm
    - Generate visual actor diagram
  test_requirements:
    - Test with known deadlock scenarios
    - Test with complex actor hierarchies
    - Benchmark on large actor systems
  complexity_limit: "≤15 per function"
  dependencies: ["DWASM-005"]
  
- ticket: DWASM-031
  title: "Implement message flow tracer"
  description: |
    Trace actor message flows in WASM runtime.
    Detect potential race conditions and starvation.
  acceptance_criteria:
    - Instrument WASM with trace points
    - Capture message send/receive events
    - Build execution timeline
    - Detect anomalies (starvation, races)
  test_requirements:
    - Test with concurrent actor systems
    - Validate trace overhead <5%
  dependencies: ["DWASM-030"]
```

**Epic 4.2: Pattern Match Analysis**

```yaml
- ticket: DWASM-032
  title: "Analyze Ruchy pattern match compilation"
  description: |
    Track how pattern matches are compiled to WASM.
    Detect inefficient match expansions.
  acceptance_criteria:
    - Parse match expressions in Ruchy
    - Track compilation to WASM br_table
    - Detect linear search patterns
    - Suggest optimization strategies
  test_requirements:
    - Test with exhaustive matches
    - Test with nested patterns
    - Benchmark decision trees
  dependencies: ["DWASM-012"]
```

### 5.5 Phase 5: Advanced Features (Weeks 11-12)

**Epic 5.1: Interactive Query API**

```yaml
- ticket: DWASM-040
  title: "Implement interactive WASM query REPL"
  description: |
    Build REPL for querying WASM analysis data.
    Support SQL-like queries over correlation data.
  acceptance_criteria:
    - Query source-to-WASM mappings
    - Filter by file, function, complexity
    - Join across analysis layers
    - Export results to JSON/CSV
  test_requirements:
    - Test with complex queries
    - Benchmark query performance
  dependencies: ["DWASM-020"]
  
- ticket: DWASM-041
  title: "Implement MCP tools"
  description: |
    Expose deep WASM analysis via MCP protocol.
    Enable Claude/AI agent integration.
  acceptance_criteria:
    - Implement 5 MCP tools (see §4.2)
    - Support stdio and HTTP transports
    - Include tool schemas
    - Document usage examples
  test_requirements:
    - Test with Claude Code
    - Test with MCP test harness
    - Validate tool descriptions
  dependencies: ["DWASM-020"]
```

**Epic 5.2: Optimization Pipeline**

```yaml
- ticket: DWASM-042
  title: "Implement A/B optimization testing"
  description: |
    Compare WASM outputs across different optimization flags.
    Generate empirical optimization guide.
  acceptance_criteria:
    - Test opt-level 0, 1, 2, 3, s, z
    - Test with/without LTO
    - Test wasm-opt passes
    - Measure size vs speed tradeoff
    - Generate recommendation matrix
  test_requirements:
    - Run on diverse benchmark suite
    - Validate statistical significance
    - Compare against industry best practices
  dependencies: ["DWASM-013"]
```

---

## 6. Test-Driven Development Methodology

### 6.1 TDD Principles

Following PMAT's extreme TDD approach:

1. **Red-Green-Refactor**: Write failing test → Implement → Refactor
2. **Test First**: No production code without tests
3. **Continuous Integration**: All tests pass on every commit
4. **Property-Based Testing**: Use QuickCheck/Proptest for invariants
5. **Mutation Testing**: Ensure tests actually catch bugs

### 6.2 Test Categories

```rust
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    // Unit tests: Test individual functions in isolation
    #[test]
    fn test_parse_wasm_type_section() {
        let input = vec![0x01, 0x60, 0x00, 0x00]; // (type (func))
        let result = parse_type_section(&input);
        assert!(result.is_ok());
        assert_eq!(result.unwrap().len(), 1);
    }
    
    // Integration tests: Test component interactions
    #[test]
    fn test_source_to_wasm_mapping_integration() {
        let source_analyzer = RustAnalyzer::new();
        let wasm_inspector = WasmInspector::new();
        let correlation = CorrelationEngine::new();
        
        let mappings = correlation.correlate(
            source_analyzer.analyze("src/lib.rs"),
            wasm_inspector.inspect("target/wasm.wasm")
        );
        
        assert!(mappings.len() > 0);
    }
    
    // Property-based tests: Test invariants
    #[quickcheck]
    fn prop_wasm_parser_never_panics(bytes: Vec<u8>) -> bool {
        parse_wasm_module(&bytes).is_ok() || true
    }
    
    // Regression tests: Prevent known bugs from returning
    #[test]
    fn test_regression_dwarf_line_number_overflow() {
        // Regression test for DWASM-BUG-001
        let dwarf_data = load_malformed_dwarf("fixtures/overflow.wasm");
        let result = parse_dwarf_line_program(&dwarf_data);
        assert!(result.is_err());
    }
    
    // Performance tests: Ensure performance requirements
    #[test]
    fn test_parse_large_wasm_under_time_limit() {
        let large_wasm = load_wasm("fixtures/large_100mb.wasm");
        let start = Instant::now();
        let _ = parse_wasm_module(&large_wasm);
        assert!(start.elapsed() < Duration::from_secs(5));
    }
}
```

### 6.3 Coverage Requirements

- **Minimum Coverage**: 85% line coverage, 90% branch coverage
- **Critical Path Coverage**: 100% for parsing, correlation, quality gates
- **Edge Case Coverage**: Explicit tests for all error conditions
- **Fuzzing**: Continuous fuzzing of parsers with AFL++/libFuzzer

### 6.4 Test Fixtures

```
tests/
├── fixtures/
│   ├── wasm/
│   │   ├── simple.wasm              # Minimal WASM module
│   │   ├── rust_hello_world.wasm    # rustc output
│   │   ├── ruchy_actors.wasm        # Ruchy actor system
│   │   ├── optimized_lto.wasm       # LTO + opt-level=3
│   │   ├── with_dwarf.wasm          # DWARF debug info
│   │   ├── with_sourcemap.wasm      # Source map
│   │   ├── malformed_*.wasm         # Error handling tests
│   │   └── large_100mb.wasm         # Performance test
│   ├── source/
│   │   ├── rust/
│   │   │   ├── simple.rs
│   │   │   ├── wasm_bindgen.rs
│   │   │   └── unsafe_ffi.rs
│   │   └── ruchy/
│   │       ├── actor_system.rch
│   │       ├── pattern_match.rch
│   │       └── deadlock.rch
│   ├── dwarf/
│   │   ├── valid_v4.bin
│   │   ├── valid_v5.bin
│   │   └── corrupted.bin
│   └── sourcemaps/
│       ├── emscripten.map
│       └── wasm_pack.map
├── integration/
│   ├── test_end_to_end_analysis.rs
│   ├── test_mcp_tools.rs
│   └── test_quality_gates.rs
└── benchmarks/
    ├── parse_wasm_bench.rs
    ├── correlation_bench.rs
    └── report_gen_bench.rs
```

---

## 7. Quality Metrics and Toyota Way Compliance

### 7.1 Complexity Targets

Per PMAT standards:

- **Cyclomatic Complexity**: ≤20 per function
- **Cognitive Complexity**: ≤15 per function
- **Maximum Function Length**: ≤150 lines
- **Maximum File Length**: ≤1000 lines
- **Nesting Depth**: ≤4 levels

### 7.2 Technical Debt

- **Zero SATD**: No TODO, FIXME, HACK comments
- **Zero Stub Implementations**: All functions must be fully implemented
- **Zero Warnings**: cargo clippy --all-features must pass
- **Zero Unsafe (except bounded)**: Unsafe blocks require proof of safety

### 7.3 Documentation

- **API Documentation**: 100% public API documented
- **Example Coverage**: Every public function has usage example
- **Architecture Decision Records**: Document all significant decisions
- **Inline Comments**: Explain "why" not "what"

### 7.4 Performance Benchmarks

```rust
use criterion::{black_box, criterion_group, criterion_main, Criterion};

fn benchmark_wasm_parsing(c: &mut Criterion) {
    let wasm_bytes = std::fs::read("tests/fixtures/wasm/simple.wasm").unwrap();
    
    c.bench_function("parse_wasm_module", |b| {
        b.iter(|| parse_wasm_module(black_box(&wasm_bytes)))
    });
}

fn benchmark_dwarf_parsing(c: &mut Criterion) {
    let dwarf_data = std::fs::read("tests/fixtures/dwarf/valid_v5.bin").unwrap();
    
    c.bench_function("parse_dwarf_info", |b| {
        b.iter(|| parse_dwarf_debug_info(black_box(&dwarf_data)))
    });
}

fn benchmark_correlation(c: &mut Criterion) {
    let source_data = SourceMetrics::from_file("tests/fixtures/source/rust/simple.rs");
    let wasm_data = WasmMetrics::from_file("tests/fixtures/wasm/simple.wasm");
    
    c.bench_function("correlate_source_to_wasm", |b| {
        b.iter(|| correlate_layers(black_box(&source_data), black_box(&wasm_data)))
    });
}

criterion_group!(benches, benchmark_wasm_parsing, benchmark_dwarf_parsing, benchmark_correlation);
criterion_main!(benches);
```

**Performance Targets:**

- Parse 10MB WASM: <5 seconds
- Generate deep context: <30 seconds for 100k LOC
- Memory usage: <500MB for analysis
- Query response time: <100ms for 95th percentile

---

## 8. Dependencies and Prerequisites

### 8.1 Rust Dependencies

```toml
[dependencies]
# WASM parsing
wasmparser = "0.121"  # Official WASM parser
wasm-encoder = "0.38" # WASM binary encoding
walrus = "0.20"       # WASM transformation library

# DWARF parsing
gimli = "0.28"        # DWARF parser
object = "0.32"       # Object file parsing

# Source maps
sourcemap = "7.1"     # JavaScript source maps

# AST analysis
syn = "2.0"           # Rust AST parsing
tree-sitter = "0.20"  # Generic AST parsing (for Ruchy)
tree-sitter-rust = "0.20"

# Graph algorithms
petgraph = "0.6"      # Graph data structures

# Performance
rayon = "1.8"         # Parallel iterators
ahash = "0.8"         # Fast hashing

# Serialization
serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
serde_json = "1.0"

# Testing
proptest = "1.4"      # Property-based testing
criterion = "0.5"     # Benchmarking

# MCP integration
pmat-mcp-sdk = "1.4"  # PMAT's MCP SDK
```

### 8.2 External Tools

- **rustc**: Rust compiler (1.75+)
- **wasm-opt**: Binaryen optimizer
- **wasm-pack**: Rust-to-WASM workflow
- **wasm-bindgen-cli**: JS binding generator
- **llvm-objdump**: LLVM toolchain for inspection

### 8.3 Optional Runtime Dependencies

- **Node.js 20+**: For source map validation
- **Chrome/Firefox**: For runtime profiling integration
- **wasmtime**: For WASI runtime testing

---

## 9. Risk Mitigation

### 9.1 Technical Risks

| Risk | Impact | Probability | Mitigation |
|------|--------|-------------|------------|
| DWARF format changes | High | Low | Support multiple DWARF versions; extensive testing |
| WASM spec evolution | Medium | Medium | Modular design; version detection |
| Performance degradation | High | Medium | Continuous benchmarking; optimization passes |
| Correlation inaccuracy | High | Medium | Confidence scoring; multiple heuristics |
| Memory exhaustion | Medium | Low | Streaming parsers; incremental processing |
| Ruchy language changes | Medium | High | Plugin architecture; version compatibility |

### 9.2 Mitigation Strategies

1. **Version Detection**: Detect WASM version, DWARF version, tool versions
2. **Graceful Degradation**: Fall back to heuristics when debug info missing
3. **Resource Limits**: Set timeouts, memory limits for analysis
4. **Error Recovery**: Continue analysis on partial failures
5. **Extensive Testing**: Fuzzing, property-based testing, regression tests

---

## 10. Success Metrics

### 10.1 Functional Success Criteria

- ✅ Parse 100% of valid WASM modules from rustc/Emscripten/wasm-pack
- ✅ Achieve 95%+ source-to-WASM mapping accuracy for debug builds
- ✅ Detect 100% of known WASM anti-patterns in test suite
- ✅ Generate reports for projects up to 500k LOC
- ✅ Pass all quality gates with zero defects

### 10.2 Performance Success Criteria

- ✅ Analysis time <1 minute for typical web app (100k LOC)
- ✅ Memory usage <1GB for analysis
- ✅ Report generation <10 seconds
- ✅ MCP tool response time <1 second

### 10.3 User Success Criteria

- ✅ Developers can debug WASM issues 10x faster
- ✅ 90% of users find optimization suggestions actionable
- ✅ Reduce WASM-related bugs by 50% in production
- ✅ Enable confident deployment of Ruchy applications

---

## 11. Future Enhancements

### 11.1 Post-v1.0 Features

- **WebAssembly GC Support**: Analyze GC proposal when stabilized
- **Component Model**: Support WASM component linking
- **Multi-threading**: Analyze WASM threads proposal
- **SIMD Analysis**: Detect SIMD optimization opportunities
- **GPU Integration**: Analyze WebGPU compute shader compilation
- **Browser Extensions**: Live debugging in browser DevTools
- **VS Code Extension**: Inline WASM insights in editor
- **Continuous Monitoring**: Production WASM telemetry

### 11.2 Research Directions

- **ML-Based Optimization**: Train models on optimization effectiveness
- **Formal Verification Integration**: Link with Iris-Wasm proofs
- **Auto-Repair**: Suggest and apply fixes to common issues
- **Cross-Module Analysis**: Analyze multiple WASM modules together
- **Security Analysis**: Detect vulnerabilities in WASM binaries

---

## 12. Academic References

### 12.1 WebAssembly Semantics and Verification

1. Haas, A., Rossberg, A., Schuff, D. L., Titzer, B. L., Holman, M., Gohman, D., Wagner, L., Zakai, A., & Bastien, J. F. (2017). Bringing the web up to speed with WebAssembly. *Proceedings of the 38th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation (PLDI)*, 185-200. https://doi.org/10.1145/3062341.3062363

2. Watt, C. (2018). Mechanising and verifying the WebAssembly specification. *Proceedings of the 7th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Certified Programs and Proofs (CPP)*, 53-65. https://doi.org/10.1145/3167082

3. Georges, A. L., Guéneau, A., Van Strydonck, T., Timany, A., Trieu, A., Huyghebaert, S., Devriese, D., & Birkedal, L. (2023). Iris-Wasm: Robust and modular verification of WebAssembly programs. *Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages*, 7(PLDI), Article 154. https://doi.org/10.1145/3591265

4. Watt, C., Rao, X., Pichon-Pharabod, J., Bodin, M., & Gardner, P. (2021). Two mechanisations of WebAssembly 1.0. *Formal Methods - 24th International Symposium, FM 2021, Proceedings* (Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 13047), 61-79. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90870-6_4

### 12.2 Debugging and Type Recovery

5. Lehmann, D., Kinder, J., & Pradel, M. (2022). Finding the dwarf: Recovering precise types from WebAssembly binaries. *Proceedings of the 43rd ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation (PLDI)*, 410-425. https://doi.org/10.1145/3519939.3523449

6. Nelson, L., Bornholt, J., Gu, R., Baumann, A., Torlak, E., & Wang, X. (2024). Lightweight, modular verification for WebAssembly-to-native instruction selection. *Proceedings of the 29th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS)*, Volume 1, 254-270. https://doi.org/10.1145/3617232.3624862

### 12.3 Compilation and Optimization

7. Meier, W., Pichon-Pharabod, J., & Spitters, B. (2024). CertiCoq-Wasm: Verified compilation from Coq to WebAssembly. *Proceedings of the 14th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Certified Programs and Proofs (CPP)*, Article 8. https://doi.org/10.1145/3703595.3705879

8. Pichon-Pharabod, J., Bodin, M., & Bañados Schwerter, F. (2024). Progressful interpreters for efficient WebAssembly mechanisation. *Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages*, 8(OOPSLA2), Article 327. https://doi.org/10.1145/3704858

### 12.4 Development Tools and Standards

9. DWARF Debugging Information Format Committee. (2017). *DWARF Debugging Information Format – Version 5*. http://www.dwarfstd.org/doc/DWARF5.pdf

10. Chrome DevTools Team. (2020). Debugging WebAssembly with modern tools. *Chrome Developers Blog*. https://developer.chrome.com/blog/wasm-debugging-2020

---

## 13. Appendix: Example Output

### 13.1 Sample Deep WASM Context (Excerpt)

```markdown
# Deep WASM Context: rust-wasm-game-of-life

## Pipeline Overview
- **Source**: Rust 1.75.0 (src/lib.rs, 450 LOC)
- **Target**: wasm32-unknown-unknown
- **Optimization**: -O3 with LTO
- **Debug Info**: DWARF v5 (separate file)
- **Source Map**: External (game_of_life.wasm.map)
- **Binary Size**: 23,847 bytes (23 KB)
- **Functions**: 42 functions, 18 exported

## 1. Source Metrics

### Complexity Analysis
| Metric | Value | Status |
|--------|-------|--------|
| Cyclomatic Complexity (max) | 12 | ✅ PASS |
| Cognitive Complexity (max) | 8 | ✅ PASS |
| Functions | 18 | ✅ |
| Unsafe Blocks | 3 | ⚠️ REVIEW |

### WASM Boundary Functions
```rust
#[wasm_bindgen]
pub fn tick(&mut self) {
    // Line 89: Public API, exported to JS
    // WASM function index: 8
    // Cyclomatic complexity: 5
}

#[wasm_bindgen]
pub fn render(&self) -> String {
    // Line 120: Returns heap-allocated String
    // WASM function index: 12
    // Type coercion: String → *mut u8 + usize
}
```

## 3. WASM Module Analysis

### Module Structure
- **Type Section**: 15 function signatures
- **Function Section**: 42 function declarations
- **Memory Section**: 1 memory (initial: 17 pages, max: unlimited)
- **Export Section**: 23 exports (18 functions, 4 memories, 1 table)
- **Code Section**: 42 function bodies (18,432 bytes)
- **Custom Sections**:
  - `.debug_info`: 45,231 bytes (DWARF v5)
  - `.debug_line`: 12,847 bytes
  - `sourceMappingURL`: "./game_of_life.wasm.map"

### Complexity Hotspots
```
Function: Universe::tick (index 8)
  WASM Complexity: 18
  Stack Depth: 8
  Instructions: 342
  Source: src/lib.rs:89-115
  
  Performance: 43.2% of execution time
  Calls: 10,482 times
  
  Optimization Opportunities:
  - Consider SIMD for cell updates
  - Inline get_index() calls
  - Use batch memory operations
```

## 6. Cross-Layer Correlations

### Source → WASM Mapping (Top Functions)
| Source Location | WASM Function | Confidence | Notes |
|----------------|---------------|------------|-------|
| lib.rs:89 (tick) | func[8] @offset 1847 | 100% | Exact DWARF match |
| lib.rs:120 (render) | func[12] @offset 3201 | 100% | Exact DWARF match |
| lib.rs:45 (get_index) | func[5] @offset 892 | 100% | Inlined 6x |

### Type Flow Example
```
Rust Type: &mut Universe
  ↓
WASM Type: i32 (pointer to linear memory)
  ↓
JS Type: Universe class instance
  ↓
Conversion Cost: O(1) - pointer pass-through
```

## 7. Detected Issues

### ⚠️ Performance Issue: PERF-001
**Location**: src/lib.rs:93  
**WASM Offset**: func[8] + 124 bytes  
**Severity**: Medium  

**Description**: Linear scan in hot loop (called 10k+ times/frame)

**Suggested Fix**:
```rust
// Before:
let idx = (row * width + col) as usize;

// After: Pre-compute offsets
let idx = self.index_cache[row][col];
```

### ✅ Quality Gates: ALL PASSED
- Module size: 23 KB < 10 MB ✅
- Max WASM complexity: 18 < 20 ✅
- Source map coverage: 100% > 95% ✅
- Zero unreachable code ✅
- Zero stack overflows ✅
```

---

## Conclusion

This specification defines a comprehensive deep WASM inspection feature that addresses the critical debugging challenges in Rust/Ruchy → WASM → JavaScript pipelines. By implementing multi-layer correlation, formal quality gates, and extreme TDD methodology, PMAT will provide industry-leading WASM development tooling.

**Key Innovations:**
1. Bidirectional source-WASM tracing with confidence scoring
2. Ruchy-specific actor deadlock detection
3. Performance hotspot attribution to source code
4. Automated optimization recommendations
5. Toyota Way quality enforcement for WASM artifacts

**Expected Impact:**
- 10x faster WASM debugging
- 50% reduction in production WASM bugs
- Confident deployment of complex polyglot applications
- Academic-quality correctness verification

---

**Document Version:** 1.0  
**Last Updated:** 2025-10-02  
**Next Review:** 2025-10-16  
**Approval Status:** Pending technical review
