//!
//! This example demonstrates comprehensive sensor data imputation techniques
//! for IoT networks, industrial monitoring, environmental sensing, and
//! real-time edge computing scenarios.
//!
//! # Sensor Data Challenges
//!
//! Sensor data presents unique challenges for imputation:
//! - Multi-modal sensor networks with spatial correlations
//! - Temporal dependencies and seasonal patterns
//! - Sensor drift, calibration errors, and hardware failures
//! - Heterogeneous sampling rates and measurement units
//! - Environmental interference and noise patterns
//! - Real-time processing constraints at the edge
//! - Power consumption and communication limitations
//! - Physical constraints and measurement bounds
//!
//! # Use Cases Covered
//!
//! 1. **Smart City Infrastructure**: Traffic, air quality, noise monitoring
//! 2. **Industrial IoT**: Manufacturing sensors, process monitoring
//! 3. **Environmental Monitoring**: Weather stations, ecological sensors
//! 4. **Smart Buildings**: HVAC, occupancy, energy monitoring
//! 5. **Agricultural IoT**: Soil, crop, irrigation sensors
//! 6. **Healthcare Wearables**: Physiological monitoring devices
//! 7. **Autonomous Vehicles**: LIDAR, camera, radar sensor fusion
//!
//! # Technical Considerations
//!
//! - Spatial interpolation and kriging for geographic sensor networks
//! - Temporal modeling with seasonal decomposition and trend analysis
//! - Multi-sensor fusion and cross-calibration
//! - Edge computing optimization for real-time imputation
//! - Uncertainty quantification for safety-critical applications
//! - Adaptive learning for sensor drift compensation
//!
//! ```bash
//! # Run this example
//! cargo run --example sensor_data_imputation --features="all"
//! ```

use scirs2_core::ndarray::{s, Array2, Array3};
use scirs2_core::random::thread_rng;
use sklears_impute::core::{ImputationError, ImputationMetadata};
use std::collections::HashMap;
use std::time::{Duration, SystemTime};

/// Comprehensive Sensor Data Imputation Framework
///
/// This framework provides end-to-end imputation solutions for sensor networks,
/// covering IoT devices, industrial monitoring, environmental sensing,
/// and real-time edge computing scenarios.
pub struct SensorImputationFramework {
    /// Network topology configuration
    network_config: NetworkConfig,
    /// Sensor specifications and capabilities
    sensor_config: SensorConfig,
    /// Environmental factor modeling
    _environmental_config: EnvironmentalConfig,
    /// Temporal analysis configuration
    temporal_config: TemporalConfig,
    /// Spatial analysis configuration
    spatial_config: SpatialConfig,
    /// Edge computing constraints
    edge_config: EdgeConfig,
    /// Quality assurance parameters
    quality_config: QualityConfig,
    /// Real-time processing requirements
    realtime_config: RealtimeConfig,
}

/// Network Topology Configuration
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct NetworkConfig {
    /// Network topology type
    pub topology: NetworkTopology,
    /// Communication protocol
    pub protocol: CommunicationProtocol,
    /// Gateway nodes for data aggregation
    pub gateway_nodes: Vec<String>,
    /// Redundancy level for critical sensors
    pub redundancy_level: RedundancyLevel,
    /// Mesh connectivity matrix
    pub connectivity_matrix: Option<Array2<f64>>,
    /// Network partitioning strategy
    pub partitioning: NetworkPartitioning,
}

/// Sensor Configuration and Capabilities
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct SensorConfig {
    /// Types of sensors in the network
    pub sensor_types: Vec<SensorType>,
    /// Sampling rates for each sensor type
    pub sampling_rates: HashMap<SensorType, f64>, // Hz
    /// Measurement ranges and bounds
    pub measurement_bounds: HashMap<SensorType, (f64, f64)>,
    /// Sensor accuracy specifications
    pub accuracy_specs: HashMap<SensorType, f64>,
    /// Calibration schedules and drift models
    pub calibration_models: HashMap<SensorType, CalibrationModel>,
    /// Power consumption constraints
    pub power_constraints: PowerConstraints,
    /// Communication range limitations
    pub communication_range: f64, // meters
}

/// Environmental Factor Configuration
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct EnvironmentalConfig {
    /// Temperature effects on sensor readings
    pub temperature_effects: TemperatureModel,
    /// Humidity impact modeling
    pub humidity_effects: HumidityModel,
    /// Atmospheric pressure influences
    pub pressure_effects: PressureModel,
    /// Electromagnetic interference patterns
    pub emi_patterns: EMIModel,
    /// Seasonal variation modeling
    pub seasonal_variations: SeasonalModel,
    /// Weather impact on sensor performance
    pub weather_impacts: WeatherModel,
}

/// Temporal Analysis Configuration
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct TemporalConfig {
    /// Time series analysis window
    pub analysis_window: Duration,
    /// Trend detection sensitivity
    pub trend_sensitivity: f64,
    /// Seasonality detection parameters
    pub seasonality_params: SeasonalityParams,
    /// Change point detection threshold
    pub change_point_threshold: f64,
    /// Forecasting horizon
    pub forecast_horizon: Duration,
    /// Lag analysis for cross-sensor dependencies
    pub lag_analysis: LagAnalysis,
}

/// Spatial Analysis Configuration
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct SpatialConfig {
    /// Spatial interpolation method
    pub interpolation_method: SpatialInterpolation,
    /// Kriging parameters for geostatistical interpolation
    pub kriging_params: KrigingParams,
    /// Spatial correlation modeling
    pub correlation_model: SpatialCorrelationModel,
    /// Geographic clustering parameters
    pub clustering_params: GeographicClustering,
    /// Elevation and topography effects
    pub topography_effects: TopographyModel,
}

/// Edge Computing Configuration
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct EdgeConfig {
    /// Available compute resources at edge nodes
    pub compute_resources: ComputeResources,
    /// Memory constraints for edge processing
    pub memory_constraints: MemoryConstraints,
    /// Battery life considerations
    pub battery_constraints: BatteryConstraints,
    /// Network bandwidth limitations
    pub bandwidth_limitations: BandwidthConstraints,
    /// Local vs cloud processing decisions
    pub processing_strategy: ProcessingStrategy,
}

/// Quality Assurance Configuration
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct QualityConfig {
    /// Anomaly detection thresholds
    pub anomaly_thresholds: AnomalyThresholds,
    /// Data validation rules
    pub validation_rules: ValidationRules,
    /// Uncertainty quantification methods
    pub uncertainty_methods: UncertaintyMethods,
    /// Quality score calculation
    pub quality_scoring: QualityScoring,
    /// Drift detection sensitivity
    pub drift_detection: DriftDetection,
}

/// Real-time Processing Requirements
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct RealtimeConfig {
    /// Maximum allowable latency
    pub max_latency: Duration,
    /// Processing window size
    pub processing_window: Duration,
    /// Buffering strategy
    pub buffering_strategy: BufferingStrategy,
    /// Priority scheduling for critical sensors
    pub priority_scheduling: PriorityScheduling,
    /// Graceful degradation strategies
    pub degradation_strategies: DegradationStrategies,
}

// Supporting types and enums

#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
pub enum SensorType {
    Temperature,
    Humidity,
    Pressure,
    AirQuality,
    Light,
    Motion,
    Sound,
    Vibration,
    Flow,
    Level,
    PH,
    Conductivity,
    GPS,
    Accelerometer,
    Gyroscope,
    Magnetometer,
    Camera,
    LIDAR,
    Radar,
    Ultrasonic,
    Custom(String),
}
